Photovoltaic Film Articles & Analysis

What Are Sputtering Targets? Sputtering targets are the source materials for the preparation of sputtered thin films. In particular, high-purity sputtering targets are used in the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process for the manufacture of electronic components, and are key materials for the preparation of surface electronic films such as wafers, panels, and solar cells. In a vacuum state, ...

By Alfa Chemistry

Global energy consumption is rapidly outstripping the available supply. When we factor in that over half of the world’s electricity is generated by non-renewables and that the global population growth remains incredibly high, concerns about the energy sector’s ability to provide for future generations seem well-founded. A gradual pivot towards renewables seems both inevitable and ...

By Hiden Analytical Ltd.

AVANCIS and Smit Thermal Solutions team up with European research institutes HZB, CNRS and Solliance for higher efficiencies in CIGS Thin-film photovoltaic CIGS technology has seen considerable growth of manufacturing capacity in recent years. The environmental impact, especially the CO2 footprint of CIGS thin-film panels shows great advantages compared to other solar technologies. ...

By Solliance Solar Research

Solar cell thin film analysers are used to facilitate research and development (R&D) into novel photovoltaic architectures by monitoring the processing conditions for epitaxial deposition of photovoltaic materials. These growth methods cover a range of advanced techniques, such as plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) and radio frequency sputtering, which are used to generate a ...

By Hiden Analytical Ltd.

Blazing the trail as the first net-zero energy school, Richardsville Elementary School, Kentucky produces as much renewable energy as it consumes. The high performance, LEED® Gold certified facility was opened in October 2010 for 550 students. Key elements included insulated concrete form-walls, geothermal HVAC systems with decentralised and distributive pumps, active day-lighting with light ...

By Inderscience Publishers

Lead selenide quantum dots were synthesised by the colloidal chemical synthesis route at different reaction temperatures. The nanocrystals were characterised by X–ray diffraction (XRD), High–resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and FTIR spectroscopy. Diameter of the PbSe quantum dots increased with reaction temperature, with average diameter varying from 30 nm to 200 nm at reaction ...

By Inderscience Publishers

In the movie The Social Network, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg doesn’t want ads on an early version of his social network; he understands that first and foremost, his site has to be cool. And ads, he says, aren’t cool. Unlike Zuckerberg (well, at least in the beginning), the energy efficiency industry hasn’t quite grasped the value of being cool. It’s an industry that ...

By Energy Efficiency Markets LLC

The demand for a TCO coated glass substrate as a base material and front electrode of the solar cells is expected to grow very strongly in the next few years. Therefore it is crucial to prepare the industrial tools and proper glass compositions to meet this very impressive demand. Mass production of extra clear glass and atmospheric pressure thermal CVD tool installed directly on the float glass ...

By Inderscience Publishers

Abstract In the paper results of fitting of current-voltage (I-V) curves acquired in a wide range of irradiances and temperatures with use of equivalent either single (SEM) or double (DEM) diode model as applied to several commercial thin-film photovoltaic (PV) modules are presented. It is shown that like in case of crystalline silicon PV modules also for CIGS (CuInGaSe2) as well as CdTe ...

By Photo Emission Tech., Inc. (PET)